The superficial peroneal nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve, which originates from the sciatic nerve. It primarily provides sensory innervation to the skin on the upper part of the foot and the lower leg. This nerve also plays a role in motor function by controlling some of the muscles responsible for foot movement. Injury to the superficial peroneal nerve can lead to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected areas. It is commonly assessed in cases of ankle sprains or other injuries that may impact the lateral aspect of the leg and foot.