Peripheral nerves are essential components of the nervous system that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. They transmit signals that control muscle movements and relay sensory information, such as touch and pain, from the body back to the central nervous system. These nerves are categorized into sensory, motor, and mixed nerves, each serving distinct functions. Damage to peripheral nerves can lead to conditions like neuropathy, resulting in symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or weakness. Understanding peripheral nerves is crucial for diagnosing and treating various neurological disorders.