Solution polymerization is a process where monomers, the building blocks of polymers, are dissolved in a solvent to create a polymer. This method allows for better control over the reaction conditions, such as temperature and concentration, which can lead to more uniform polymer chains. The solvent helps to dissolve the monomers and facilitates their interaction, promoting the formation of long-chain molecules. During solution polymerization, the reaction typically occurs in a liquid phase, which can help manage heat and improve mixing. Common solvents used include water, ethanol, or toluene. This technique is widely used in the production of various polymers, including polyethylene and polystyrene.