Sleep studies, also known as polysomnography, are tests that monitor various body functions during sleep. They typically measure brain activity, eye movements, heart rate, and breathing patterns. These studies help diagnose sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, insomnia, and narcolepsy. During a sleep study, patients usually spend the night in a specialized sleep clinic or lab. Sensors are placed on the body to collect data while the patient sleeps. The information gathered helps doctors understand sleep patterns and identify any issues that may affect overall health and well-being.