Polysomnography is a comprehensive sleep study used to diagnose sleep disorders. It records various body functions during sleep, including brain activity, eye movement, heart rate, and breathing patterns. This information helps healthcare professionals understand sleep stages and identify issues like sleep apnea or insomnia. The procedure typically takes place in a sleep clinic, where patients are monitored overnight. Electrodes and sensors are placed on the body to collect data while the patient sleeps. The results are analyzed to determine the quality of sleep and any potential disturbances, guiding treatment options for better sleep health.