Simulation models are mathematical representations of real-world systems or processes. They allow researchers and decision-makers to analyze complex scenarios by mimicking how these systems behave under various conditions. By using computer software, these models can simulate everything from weather patterns to economic trends, helping to predict outcomes and inform strategies. These models are valuable in fields such as engineering, healthcare, and environmental science. They enable users to test hypotheses, explore potential changes, and visualize the impact of different variables without the risks or costs associated with real-life experimentation.