Shale formations are sedimentary rock layers primarily composed of clay and silt-sized particles. They often contain organic materials that can generate hydrocarbons, making them important sources of oil and natural gas. These formations are typically found in various geological settings and can vary in thickness and composition. The process of extracting resources from shale formations is known as fracking or hydraulic fracturing. This technique involves injecting high-pressure fluid into the rock to create fractures, allowing oil and gas to flow more freely. Shale formations have become increasingly significant in the energy industry, particularly in regions like the Barnett Shale and Marcellus Shale.