Fracking, short for hydraulic fracturing, is a method used to extract natural gas and oil from deep underground. It involves injecting a mixture of water, sand, and chemicals into rock formations at high pressure. This process creates small fractures in the rock, allowing the gas or oil to flow more freely to the surface. While fracking can boost energy production and create jobs, it also raises environmental concerns. Critics worry about potential water contamination and the impact on local ecosystems. Additionally, the process can lead to increased seismic activity, causing small earthquakes in areas where fracking is prevalent.