sargam is a system used in Indian classical music to teach and understand musical notes. It consists of seven basic notes: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni. These notes correspond to the Western musical scale's C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. In practice, sargam helps musicians learn melodies and improve their vocal skills. It is often used in vocal exercises and compositions, allowing singers to explore different ragas, which are specific melodic frameworks in Indian music. This method is essential for both beginners and advanced musicians.