Saprolite is a weathered rock that forms from the breakdown of bedrock, typically found in tropical and subtropical regions. It is characterized by its soft, clay-like texture and can vary in color, often appearing yellow, brown, or red. This material retains the original structure of the parent rock but is significantly altered by chemical and physical weathering processes. Saprolite is important in geology and soil science as it serves as a transition layer between solid bedrock and soil. It can influence groundwater movement and is often rich in minerals, making it valuable for mining, particularly for nickel and cobalt extraction.