Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send data packets. It involves determining the best route for data to travel from its source to its destination, ensuring efficient communication. Routers, which are specialized devices, play a crucial role in this process by analyzing the data and directing it through the most effective pathways. In computer networks, routing can be static or dynamic. Static routing involves manually setting the paths, while dynamic routing uses algorithms and protocols to automatically adjust routes based on current network conditions. Common routing protocols include RIP, OSPF, and BGP, each designed to optimize data flow and maintain network performance.