Rotary drilling is a method used to create holes in the ground, primarily for oil and gas extraction, as well as for geological exploration. This technique involves a rotating drill bit that cuts through rock and soil, allowing for deeper penetration into the earth. The drill is often powered by a large rig, which provides the necessary force and stability. During the drilling process, a fluid, known as drilling mud, is circulated to cool the bit, remove cuttings, and maintain pressure in the borehole. This fluid helps to stabilize the hole and prevent collapse, making rotary drilling an efficient and effective method for accessing underground resources.