Rot is the process of decay that occurs when organic materials, such as food or plants, break down due to the action of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. This decomposition can lead to the release of gases and unpleasant odors, as well as the breakdown of the material into simpler substances. There are different types of rot, including soft rot and hard rot, which affect various materials in distinct ways. Soft rot typically occurs in moist conditions and affects plant tissues, while hard rot is more common in wood and can weaken structures. Understanding rot is essential for managing waste and preserving materials.