Rocker arms are mechanical components in an internal combustion engine that play a crucial role in the operation of the valve train. They convert the rotational motion of the camshaft into linear motion, allowing the valves to open and close at the correct times during the engine cycle. This process is essential for regulating the flow of air and fuel into the combustion chamber. Typically made from metal, rocker arms are designed to be lightweight yet strong. They are connected to the pushrods or directly to the camshaft, depending on the engine design. Proper functioning of rocker arms ensures efficient engine performance and helps maintain optimal power output.