Engine components are the essential parts that work together to convert fuel into motion. Key components include the cylinder, where fuel and air mix and ignite, and the piston, which moves up and down to create power. Other important parts are the crankshaft, which transforms the piston's motion into rotational energy, and the valves, which control the flow of air and fuel into the cylinder. Additionally, the spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture, while the camshaft regulates the timing of the valves. Each component plays a crucial role in ensuring the engine runs smoothly and efficiently, making them vital for any vehicle's performance.