Retinal ischemia occurs when there is insufficient blood flow to the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This lack of blood supply can lead to damage or death of retinal cells, potentially resulting in vision loss. Common causes include diabetes, hypertension, and arterial occlusions. Symptoms of retinal ischemia may include blurred vision, dark spots, or sudden vision loss. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent permanent damage. Treatments may involve managing underlying conditions, such as controlling blood sugar levels in diabetic patients, or procedures to restore blood flow to the retina.