The refinement of crude oil is a process that transforms raw oil into useful products. This involves separating the oil into different components through a method called fractional distillation. During this process, crude oil is heated, and its various hydrocarbons are separated based on their boiling points, resulting in products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. After distillation, further processes such as cracking and reforming are used to improve the quality of the fuels and create additional products. These methods break down larger molecules into smaller ones or rearrange them to enhance performance, ensuring that the final products meet industry standards and consumer needs.