A raft foundation is a type of foundation that spreads the load of a building over a large area, typically using a thick concrete slab. This design helps to distribute weight evenly, making it suitable for structures built on weak or unstable soil. Raft foundations are often used in high-rise buildings and large structures where traditional foundations may not provide adequate support. These foundations can be constructed as a single solid slab or with beams to enhance strength. They are beneficial in reducing settlement and minimizing the risk of structural damage. Overall, raft foundations provide a stable base for various types of construction projects.