Radiation oncology is a medical specialty that uses high-energy radiation to treat cancer. The goal is to destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. This treatment can be delivered externally, using a machine called a linear accelerator, or internally through a method known as brachytherapy, where radioactive sources are placed inside or near the tumor. Radiation oncologists work closely with other healthcare professionals, including medical oncologists and surgeons, to create a comprehensive treatment plan. Patients may receive radiation therapy alone or in combination with other treatments, such as chemotherapy or surgery, depending on the type and stage of cancer.