Surgery is a medical procedure that involves the physical manipulation of tissues and organs to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. It can range from minor procedures, like appendectomy, to major operations, such as heart surgery. Surgeons use various techniques and tools to perform these interventions, often requiring anesthesia to ensure patient comfort. The decision to undergo surgery is typically based on a thorough evaluation of the patient's condition. Surgical procedures can be categorized as elective, urgent, or emergency, depending on the necessity and timing. Successful surgeries can significantly improve a patient's quality of life and overall health.