The term "proteome" refers to the entire set of proteins that can be expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a specific time. It encompasses all the proteins produced, including their variations and modifications, which can change based on factors like development, environmental conditions, and disease states. Studying the proteome is essential for understanding biological processes and functions. Techniques such as mass spectrometry and protein microarrays are commonly used to analyze and identify proteins, helping researchers uncover insights into cellular functions and potential therapeutic targets for diseases.