Propionic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor, commonly used as a preservative in food products. It is a carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H6O2 and is naturally found in some fermented foods. Its primary function is to inhibit the growth of mold and bacteria, extending the shelf life of various baked goods and dairy products. In addition to its role in food preservation, propionic acid is also utilized in the production of herbicides, flavors, and fragrances. It can be synthesized through chemical processes or derived from natural sources, making it a versatile compound in both industrial and agricultural applications.