Pre-splitting is a technique used in mining and excavation to create a controlled fracture in rock before the main blasting occurs. This method involves drilling and blasting a small section of rock, which helps to reduce the amount of energy needed for the subsequent blasts. By pre-splitting, operators can minimize ground vibration and improve the precision of the excavation. This technique is particularly useful in sensitive areas where nearby structures or the environment could be affected by traditional blasting methods. Pre-splitting allows for better control over the rock fragmentation, leading to safer and more efficient operations in projects involving mining, quarrying, or tunneling.