Pollutant removal refers to the process of eliminating harmful substances from the environment, particularly from air, water, and soil. This can involve various methods, such as filtration, chemical treatment, or biological processes, to reduce the concentration of pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, and microplastics. Effective pollutant removal is essential for protecting ecosystems and human health. Techniques for pollutant removal can vary widely depending on the type of pollutant and the medium being treated. For instance, water treatment plants often use processes like sedimentation and chlorination to clean drinking water, while air purification systems may employ filters and activated carbon to remove airborne contaminants.