Planar arrays are two-dimensional arrangements of elements, such as antennas or sensors, that are organized in a flat surface. These arrays can be used in various applications, including telecommunications and imaging, to capture or transmit signals more effectively. The arrangement allows for improved performance in terms of directionality and sensitivity. In the context of antennas, planar arrays can enhance signal reception and transmission by focusing energy in specific directions. This technology is commonly found in devices like radar systems and satellite communications, where precise control over signal patterns is essential for optimal operation.