Pit dwellings are underground or semi-subterranean homes that were commonly used by various ancient cultures. These structures are typically dug into the ground, creating a pit that serves as the living space. The walls are often reinforced with materials like wood or stone, and the roofs can be made from thatch or other natural materials. These dwellings provided insulation from extreme weather conditions, making them suitable for both hot and cold climates. Archaeologists have discovered pit dwellings in regions such as North America and Europe, revealing insights into the lifestyles and survival strategies of early human societies.