Piezoelectric materials are special substances that generate an electric charge when they are mechanically stressed. This means that when these materials are squeezed, twisted, or otherwise deformed, they produce electricity. Common examples of piezoelectric materials include certain ceramics, crystals, and polymers. They are widely used in various applications, such as sensors, actuators, and energy harvesting devices. These materials work based on the alignment of their internal structure. When pressure is applied, the arrangement of atoms within the material shifts, leading to an imbalance of electric charge. This property makes piezoelectric materials valuable in technologies like microphones, speakers, and ultrasonic devices, where converting mechanical energy to electrical energy (or vice versa) is essential.