phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3)
Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) is a lipid molecule found in cell membranes. It plays a crucial role in cellular signaling, particularly in the phosphoinositide signaling pathway. PIP3 is produced from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by the action of the enzyme phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).
PIP3 serves as a docking site for proteins with specific domains, such as AKT, which are involved in various cellular processes, including growth, survival, and metabolism. The regulation of PIP3 levels is essential for maintaining normal cellular functions, and its dysregulation can lead to diseases, including cancer.