A peptic ulcer is a sore that develops on the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, known as the duodenum. These ulcers occur when the protective mucus layer is damaged, often due to excessive stomach acid or infection by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and indigestion. Treatment for peptic ulcers typically involves medications to reduce stomach acid and antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori infection. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding spicy foods and reducing stress, can also help manage symptoms and promote healing.