Peat bogs are wetland areas where waterlogged conditions slow down the decomposition of plant material, leading to the accumulation of peat. This organic matter is primarily made up of sphagnum moss and other vegetation, creating a unique ecosystem that supports various plant and animal species. Peat bogs play a crucial role in carbon storage, helping to mitigate climate change by trapping carbon dioxide. These ecosystems are typically found in cooler climates and can be quite acidic. They provide habitats for specialized wildlife, including certain birds and insects. Additionally, peat bogs are important for water regulation, filtering water and maintaining local hydrology.