Paleopathology is the study of diseases in ancient human and animal remains. By examining bones and tissues from archaeological sites, researchers can identify signs of illnesses, injuries, and other health issues that affected past populations. This field combines aspects of paleontology, archaeology, and medicine to provide insights into the health and lifestyles of ancient people. Through paleopathological research, scientists can learn about the prevalence of certain diseases, the impact of environmental factors, and how health has changed over time. This information helps to understand the evolution of diseases and can inform modern medicine by revealing how past populations responded to health challenges.