Paleoethnobotany is the study of ancient plant remains and their relationship with past human societies. This field combines archaeology and botany to understand how people in different cultures used plants for food, medicine, and materials. By analyzing seeds, pollen, and other plant remains found at archaeological sites, researchers can reconstruct ancient diets and agricultural practices. Through paleoethnobotany, scientists can gain insights into the environmental conditions of the past and how humans adapted to them. This research helps to reveal the impact of agriculture on societies and the ways in which plants influenced cultural development, including the domestication of crops like maize and wheat.