Paleoclimatology is the study of past climates using evidence from natural records. Scientists analyze data from sources like ice cores, tree rings, and sediment layers to understand how Earth's climate has changed over thousands or millions of years. This information helps researchers identify patterns and trends in climate change. By examining these historical climate records, paleoclimatologists can better understand the factors that influence climate, such as volcanic eruptions and changes in solar radiation. This knowledge is crucial for predicting future climate scenarios and assessing the potential impacts of current human activities on the environment.