The term "p型" refers to "p-type" semiconductors, which are materials that have been doped with specific elements to create an abundance of positive charge carriers, known as "holes." These holes are created by replacing some of the silicon atoms with elements like boron or gallium, which have fewer valence electrons than silicon. This process enhances the material's ability to conduct electricity. In a p-type semiconductor, the movement of holes allows for the flow of electric current. When an electric field is applied, these holes can move toward the negative terminal, facilitating conduction. P-type semiconductors are commonly used in electronic devices, often in conjunction with n-type semiconductors to form p-n junctions, which are essential for diodes and transistors.