Orthographic projection is a method used in technical drawing and engineering to represent three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. It displays multiple views of an object, typically the front, top, and side, allowing for accurate measurements and details without perspective distortion. This technique is essential in fields like architecture, mechanical engineering, and product design. By using orthographic projection, designers can communicate complex shapes and dimensions clearly, ensuring that everyone involved in the project understands the specifications and can visualize the final product accurately.