Optical sensing is a technology that uses light to detect and measure various physical properties. It involves the use of sensors that can capture changes in light intensity, wavelength, or phase, which can indicate the presence of objects, changes in temperature, or variations in chemical composition. This technology is widely used in applications such as fiber optic communication, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring. These sensors can be found in everyday devices, such as cameras and smartphones, where they help improve image quality and enable features like facial recognition. Optical sensing is also crucial in industrial settings, where it can monitor processes and ensure safety by detecting hazardous conditions.