Optical communication technologies use light to transmit information over distances. This method relies on fiber optic cables, which are thin strands of glass or plastic that carry light signals. These signals can travel long distances with minimal loss, making optical communication efficient for internet and telecommunications. In addition to fiber optics, other optical technologies include laser communication and free-space optical communication. Laser communication uses focused beams of light to send data, while free-space optical communication transmits information through the air. Both methods offer high-speed data transfer and are increasingly used in various applications, including satellite communications and secure data links.