Optical networks use light to transmit data over long distances, making them faster and more efficient than traditional electrical networks. They rely on fiber optic cables, which are thin strands of glass or plastic that carry light signals. This technology allows for high bandwidth and low signal loss, enabling rapid communication for internet services, telecommunications, and data centers. In an optical network, devices like optical switches and multiplexers manage the flow of data. These components help direct light signals to their destinations, ensuring that information reaches users quickly and reliably. As demand for data increases, optical networks play a crucial role in supporting modern communication infrastructure.