Obesity is a medical condition characterized by excessive body fat that can negatively impact health. It is typically measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), which calculates a person's weight in relation to their height. A BMI of 30 or higher is generally considered obese. Obesity can lead to various health issues, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Factors contributing to obesity include poor diet, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition. Addressing obesity often involves lifestyle changes, such as improved nutrition and increased exercise, to promote a healthier weight.