Nuclear programs refer to government initiatives focused on the development and management of nuclear technology. These programs can include the production of nuclear energy for electricity, research into nuclear science, and the development of nuclear weapons. Countries may pursue nuclear programs for various reasons, including energy security, scientific advancement, and national defense. Many nations operate nuclear programs under international regulations to ensure safety and prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Organizations like the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) monitor these programs to promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy while preventing the spread of nuclear arms.