Nuclear non-proliferation refers to efforts aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy. This concept is primarily embodied in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which was established in 1968. The treaty encourages countries to refrain from developing nuclear weapons and supports disarmament among those that already possess them. The goal of nuclear non-proliferation is to enhance global security and reduce the risk of nuclear conflict. It involves international cooperation and monitoring by organizations like the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to ensure that nuclear materials are used safely and responsibly, preventing their diversion for military purposes.