Neurofilaments are essential components of nerve cells, or neurons, that help maintain their structure and stability. These long, thread-like proteins provide support to the neuron, much like beams in a building. They play a crucial role in the transport of materials within the cell, ensuring that important substances reach their destinations. In addition to providing structural support, neurofilaments are involved in the overall health of the nervous system. Abnormalities in neurofilaments can lead to various neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease. Understanding neurofilaments is vital for researchers studying these conditions and developing potential treatments.