A monarchy is a form of government where a single person, known as a monarch, rules the country. This leader, often a king or queen, usually inherits their position through family lineage. Monarchies can be absolute, where the monarch has complete control, or constitutional, where their powers are limited by laws or a constitution. In many cultures, monarchies are rich in tradition and history, often symbolizing national identity. Famous examples include the British monarchy, which has a long-standing tradition of royal ceremonies, and the Japanese monarchy, known as the oldest continuing hereditary monarchy in the world.