Mainland Europe refers to the large landmass that constitutes the majority of the European continent, excluding islands and peninsulas. It includes countries such as France, Germany, Italy, and Spain, which are known for their diverse cultures, languages, and histories. The region is characterized by a variety of landscapes, including mountains, plains, and rivers. The mainland is also home to significant political and economic organizations, such as the European Union (EU), which promotes cooperation among member states. Major cities like Berlin, Paris, and Madrid serve as cultural and economic hubs, attracting millions of visitors each year.