Mafic magma is a type of molten rock that is rich in magnesium and iron. It typically has a lower viscosity compared to other types of magma, allowing it to flow more easily. This characteristic makes mafic magma a key component in the formation of basalt, a common volcanic rock. When mafic magma erupts, it often results in shield volcanoes, which have broad, gently sloping sides. These eruptions tend to be less explosive than those involving more viscous magmas, leading to the creation of extensive lava flows. The composition of mafic magma contributes to its unique geological features.