Macrophytes are large aquatic plants that grow in or near water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, and wetlands. They can be classified into three main types: emergent, floating, and submerged plants. These plants play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems by providing habitat, food, and oxygen for various organisms. In addition to their ecological importance, macrophytes help improve water quality by absorbing nutrients and filtering pollutants. They also stabilize sediments, reducing erosion and promoting biodiversity. Common examples of macrophytes include water lilies, cattails, and eelgrass.