Loose coupling is a design principle in software architecture that promotes minimal dependencies between components. This means that changes in one component have little to no impact on others, allowing for easier maintenance and flexibility. For example, if a database changes, a web application using it can often continue to function without significant modifications. In loose coupling, components communicate through well-defined interfaces or protocols rather than direct connections. This approach enhances scalability and enables teams to work on different parts of a system independently. Overall, loose coupling contributes to more robust and adaptable software systems.