Modularity refers to the design principle where a system is divided into smaller, self-contained units or modules. Each module can function independently but also works together with other modules to create a complete system. This approach is commonly used in software development, allowing for easier updates and maintenance, as changes can be made to one module without affecting the entire system. In engineering and architecture, modularity allows for flexible construction and design. For example, modular homes are built using pre-fabricated sections that can be assembled on-site. This not only speeds up the building process but also enables customization, as different modules can be combined in various ways to meet specific needs.