Liver spots, also known as age spots or solar lentigines, are flat, brown, or black patches that appear on the skin, primarily in areas exposed to the sun. They are common in older adults and are caused by an increase in melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. These spots are usually harmless and do not require treatment. While liver spots are often associated with aging, they can also develop in younger individuals due to excessive sun exposure or tanning. Protecting the skin with sunscreen and wearing protective clothing can help prevent their formation.