Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a type of arthritis that affects children under the age of 16. It causes inflammation in the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. The exact cause of JIA is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms can vary and may include fever, rash, and fatigue. There are several subtypes of JIA, each with different characteristics and treatment approaches. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent joint damage and improve quality of life. Treatment often includes medications, physical therapy, and regular monitoring by healthcare professionals.